5 Year Survival of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients at RSCM and Predispose Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstrak

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune
rheumatic disease characterized by widespread inflammation involving
almost all organ systems. This disease attacks young women with a
peak incidence aged 15-40 years. The clinical manifestations of SLE
vary depending on the organs involved. The risk of death in SLE
patients increases if it is not diagnosed and treated appropriately.
Methods: This study is a retrospective cohort study using medical
record data from patients diagnosed with SLE for the first time in 20142019

at RSCM. Survival analysis was carried out on age, gender,
hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, NPSLE, high anti ds-DNA, low
C3 and C4, high dose glucocorticoids, lymphopenia, positive Anti
Cardiolipin Antibody (ACA), cardiovascular disease, and lupus
nephritis. Multivariate analysis with cox regression was carried out.
Results: There were 448 subjects studied. The five-year survival of SLE
patients at RSCM is 88%. Mean survival 56 months (95% CI : 55-57).
In the multivariate analysis, it was found that NPSLE [p=0,000 ; HR
3,595 (95%CI 1,932-6,688)], low C3 and C4 [p=0,004 ; HR 2,501
(95%CI 1,330-4,701)], cardiovascular disease [p=0,018 ; HR 2,851
(95%CI 1,198-6,787)], and hemolytic anemia [p=0,023 ; HR 2,106
(95%CI 1,008-4,404)] had a significant effect on patient survival.
Conclusion: The 5-year survival of SLE patients was 88% with
neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE), low C3 dan C4, cardiovascular
disease, dan hemolytic anemia have a significant effect on the SLE
survival patients at RSCM.